The History of the Development of Cattle Breeding among the Karakalpaks
Keywords:
Karakalpaks, traditional cattle breeding, herd composition, natural and economic areas
Abstract
The study is dedicated to the characteristic of development of traditional Karakalpak cattle breeding from the end of the XIX century up to present days. The influence of natural climatic conditions on the formation of the herd structure is noted. With regards to significancy, the first place was occupied by cattle, which, in addition to ensuring food security, was used in the economy as a draft force. The second place in importance in the Karakalpak economy belonged to sheep. The Karakalpaks bred camels and horses in small numbers. In the first third of the XX century, significant transformations took place in the traditional way of life of the people as a result of political and socio-economic reasons, which affected the cattle breeding of the Karakalpaks. During the XX century, the priorities in the composition of the herd did not change. In modern Karakalpakstan, the experience of traditional cattle breeding remains in demand.
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6. Zhdanko T.A. Karakalpaks of Khorezm oasis. Works of Khorezm archeological and ethnographical expedition. Vol. I. Moscow, 1952. P. 507-515.
7. Zhdanko T.A. On the question of the economic and cultural type of semi-sedentary pastoralists-farmers-fishermen of the delta regions of Central Asia. Ethnography and archeology of Central Asia. Moscow, 1979. Pp.148-152.
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12. Kaulbars A.V. The lower reaches of the Amu Darya, described by his own research in 1873. Petersburg, 1881.Vol. IX. 183 p.
13. Kurbanova, Z.I. Ethnographic science of Karakalpakstan: stages of formation, current state. Nukus, 2020. 121 p.
14. Kurbanova, Z.I. The influence of the Aral ecological crisis on one of the traditional occupations of Karakalpaks – cattle breeding // Bulletin of the Khorezm Academy of Maumun. 2022. No. 4. Рp. 54-57.
15. Karakalpakstan from the XIX century to the XXI century. Nukus, 2003. 554 p.
16. Levin M.G., Cheboksary N.N. Economic and cultural types and historical and ethnographic areas (to raise the question) // Soviet ethnography. Moscow, 1955. No. 4. Pp. 3-17.
17. Materials on the survey of nomadic and settled indigenous economy and land use in the Amu-Darya department of the Syr-Darya region. Tashkent, 1915. 375 p.
18. Turekeev K. Relics of the veneration of the ram among the Karakalpaks // Teacher and Continuing Education. Nukus, 2021. No. 1/2. Pp. 69-72.
19. The economy of Karakalpakstan in the XIX-early XX century. Materials for the historical and ethnographic atlas of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Tashkent, 1971. 311 p.
20. Cheboksary N.N., Cheboksary I.A. Peoples, races, cultures. Moscow: Science, 1985. 272 p.
21. Shaniyazov K.Sh. Animal husbandry. Uzbeks. Peoples and Cultures. Moscow, 2011. 688 p.
22. Yagodin V.N. On the ethnic definition of the Kerder culture and its role in the ethnogenesis of the Karakalpaks // Bulletin of the Karakalpak Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Nukus, 1971. No. 3. Pp. 69-74.
23. Yagodin V.N. Priaralsky microdistrict in the VII-early XIV centuries. // Archeology of the Aral Sea region. Tashkent, 2008. Issue VII. Pp. 125-144.
24. AFM No. 1, 2022. Chimbaysky district, SSG Abat makan. Mendibaev Bakhtia
25. AFM No. 2, 2022. Takhtakupyrsky district. Akaev Sharap.
26. AFM No. 4, 2022. Takhtakupyrsky district, Kypshak village. Zhabbarbergenov Karasay.
27. AFM No. 5,2022, Karauzyak district, Koibak village. Informant Ukibaev Nurlybai.
Published
2023-04-11
How to Cite
Sultamuratovich, S. O. (2023). The History of the Development of Cattle Breeding among the Karakalpaks. Central Asian Journal of Social Sciences and History, 4(4), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Q6AWD
Section
Articles
