History of Environment Sustainability through the Ages

Dr. Anita  Sharma

Dr. Anita Sharma Assistant Professor, S .S. Jain Subodh P.G. Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Jaipur, Rajasthan

Keywords: environment, earth, sustainability, history, ages, diversity, ecological, permanence, communities

Abstract

Our Environment consists of life and it is a life supporting system like air water soil and topography. This is surrounded by the geological environment below and the cosmic environment beyond. Since the earth first form the environment is continuously change this is the result from the interaction with the ecosystem. Environment is very pragmatic and crucial for future sustenance. It includes way of living conditions sanitation, habitat and income for minimum needs for living conditions. Human being always inhabited in nature as well as human society and Technology. Both are essential to our lives but integrating them successfully causes enduring tensions for sustainable future. we should understand about how are they works, what we are doing and what we can do to protect and improve it.The most important features of earth planet may be the self sustaining ecological system that make life possible and the rich diversity of life that is part of, an dependent upon those ecological processes.

The history of sustainability traces human-dominated ecological system from the earliest or primary civilization to the present day. This history is represent by the increased reason success of a particular society, followed by crisis that were either resolved producing sustainability or not leading to to decline. In the early human history the use of fire and desire for particular food may have altered the natural composition of plant and animal communities.8000 years ago agricultural communities raised which generally dependent on their environment and the formation of a “structure of permanence”.

References

1. Caradonna, Jeremy L. (2014) Sustainability: A History. Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199372409
2. Beddoea, R.; Costanzaa, R.; Farleya, J.; Garza, E.; Kent, J.; Kubiszewski, I.; Martinez, L.; McCowen, T.; Murphy, K.; Myers, N.; Ogden, Z.; Stapleton, K.; Woodward, J. (2009). "Overcoming systemic roadblocks to sustainable health". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (28): E80, author reply E81. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106E..80K. doi:10.1073/pnas.0902558106. PMC 2710687. PMID 19584255.
3. Wright, R. (2004). A Short History of Progress. Toronto: Anansi. ISBN 0-88784-706-4.
4. Scholars, R. (2003). Stories from the Stone Age. Beyond Productions in association with S4C and S4C International. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved on: 16 April 2009.
5. Clarke, W. C. (1977). "The Structure of Permanence: The Relevance of Self-Subsistence Communities for World Ecosystem Management," in Subsistence and Survival: Rural Ecology in the Pacific. Bayliss-Smith, T. and R. Feachem (eds). London: Academic Press, pp. 363–384. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-083250-7.50017-0. ISBN 978-0-12-083250-7.
6. Hilgenkamp, K. (2005). Environmental Health: Ecological Perspectives. London: Jones & Bartlett. ISBN 978-0-7637-2377-4.
7. D.H. Meadows, D.L. Meadows, J. Randers, and W. Behrens III. (1972). The Limits to Growth. New York: Universe Books. ISBN 0-87663-165-0.
8. "Living Planet Report". Global Footprint Network. Archived from the original on 27 March 2009.Living Planet Report 2008 (PDF) (Report). World Wide Fund for Nature, Zoological Society of London, Global Footprint Network. 2008. Retrieved 1 October 2008.
9. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005). Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Biodiversity Synthesis. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. Retrieved on: 2009-07-08-01.
10. Turner, G.M. (2008). "A comparison of the Limits to Growth with 30 years of reality" (PDF). Global Environmental Change. 18 (3): 397–411.978-0-393-06131-4.
11. Diamond, J. (2005). Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-303655-5.
12. Cook Islands National Environment Service. National Parks and Conservation Areas Archived 2009-08-05 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on: 2009-02-24.
13. Miller, D. N. Tüwharetoa & N. Kahungunu (2005). Western and Mäori Values for Sustainable Development. MWH New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved on: 2009-02-24.
14. Mackee, J.; Obbard, J.; Briffett, C. (2001). "Environmental Assessment in Sri Lanka: Its Status and the Potential for the Introduction of Strategic Environmental Assessment". Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy & Management. 3 (2): 209. doi:10.1142/s1464333201000674.
15. Hilgenkamp, K. (2005). Environmental Health: Ecological Perspectives. London: Jones & Bartlett. ISBN 978-0-7637-2377-4.
16. Goudie A. (2005). The Human Impact on the Natural Environment. 6th ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4051-2704-2.
17. Martinez-Alier, J. (1987). Ecological Economics. London: Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-15739-7.
18. Schumacher, E. (1973). Small Is Beautiful: A Study of Economics as if People Mattered. London: Blond and Briggs. ISBN 978-0-85634-012-3.
19. Daly, H.E. & Farley, J. (2004). Ecological Economics: Principles and Applications. London: Island Press. ISBN 1-55963-312-3